Aspirochlorine is an Aspergillus-derived epipolythiodioxopiperazine (ETP) that inhibits fungal protein synthesis and overcomes azole resistance.
Details
Aspirochlorine is a fungal epidithiodiketopiperazine (ETP) metabolite originally isolated from Aspergillus species. It selectively inhibits fungal protein synthesis in Candida albicans without affecting bacterial or mammalian translation systems. Aspirochlorine is active against azole-resistant Candida strains, highlighting its therapeutic potential. Structurally, it features a ring-enlarged disulfide bridge and a spiroaminal system formed through a specialized oxidoreductase-mediated sulfur migration. Its biosynthesis involves unusual peptide editing, including retro-aldol conversion of phenylalanine to glycine, expanding the chemical diversity of ETP natural products.