Palitantin (CAS: 15265-28-8)

Palitantin is a fungal-derived polyketide originally reported from Penicillium species and later isolated from Antarctic fungi such as Geomyces sp. Structurally characterized by a cyclohexenone-containing framework, palitantin has been investigated for its ecological antifungal role and more recently for its biological activity as a protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitor. Derivatives of palitantin have shown moderate antiplasmodial and antibacterial activities, while the parent compound displays measurable PTP1B inhibitory activity (IC50 ~7-8 µM). Its synthetic accessibility via organocatalytic Robinson annulation has further enabled stereoselective total synthesis and derivatization studies.